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    "headline": "The Pipe Biofilm Changed With Time, Not Just Temperature",
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    "dek": "A year of in-network sampling found microbial succession and warmer-month disinfection by-products in Valencia.",
    "summary": "A year of in-network sampling found microbial succession and warmer-month disinfection by-products in Valencia.",
    "body_text": "Sampling devices placed inside an operational chlorinated network tracked biofilms without interrupting service. No fecal indicators or pathogens appeared in water samples, but biofilm DNA contained sequences related to opportunistic groups, especially after six and nine months. Disinfection by-products rose in warmer months with higher chlorine doses, while biofilm regrowth itself was seasonally independent, supporting age-aware monitoring rather than a temperature-only rule.",
    "why_it_matters": "A year of in-network sampling found microbial succession and warmer-month disinfection by-products in Valencia.",
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      "Disinfection by-products rose in warmer months with higher chlorine doses, while biofilm regrowth itself was seasonally independent, supporting age-aware monitoring rather than a temperature-only rule."
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        "qualification": "Disinfection by-products rose in warmer months with higher chlorine doses, while biofilm regrowth itself was seasonally independent, supporting age-aware monitoring rather than a temperature-only rule."
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    "tags": [
      "drinking water",
      "biofilms",
      "infrastructure"
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      "source_id": "source-2026-08-03-016",
      "title": "World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology: drinking-water biofilms",
      "publisher": "Springer Nature",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-026-05101-x",
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    "title": "The Pipe Biofilm Changed With Time, Not Just Temperature",
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