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Twenty-Eight Dollars Bought Ten Circle-Packing Records

An LLM-guided optimization loop improved ten accepted Packomania results in 15 iterations, with an independent verifier keeping only valid gains.

Published Updated Story ID: mp-2026-09-08-008
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Summary

An LLM-guided optimization loop improved ten accepted Packomania results in 15 iterations, with an independent verifier keeping only valid gains.

Discovery Loop starts with a simple solver, asks a language model to propose algorithmic changes, scores each candidate with an independent verifier and retains only improvements. Applied to a variable-radius circle-packing benchmark, the system improved the best known solutions for ten values of N between 101 and 114 by 2.4 to 5.4 percent. The run took 15 iterations and $27.72 in reported model cost, and the results were accepted by Packomania. This is a narrow optimization result, but it shows how inexpensive search can matter when claims are checked by a deterministic judge.

Why it matters

An LLM-guided optimization loop improved ten accepted Packomania results in 15 iterations, with an independent verifier keeping only valid gains.

Limits and context

  • Discovery Loop starts with a simple solver, asks a language model to propose algorithmic changes, scores each candidate with an independent verifier and retains only improvements.

Key claims

  1. An LLM-guided optimization loop improved ten accepted Packomania results in 15 iterations, with an independent verifier keeping only valid gains.

    Qualification: Discovery Loop starts with a simple solver, asks a language model to propose algorithmic changes, scores each candidate with an independent verifier and retains only improvements.

    Evidence: source-2026-09-08-008

Sources

  1. arXiv preprint 2609.05093arXiv · primary research

Corrections

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