Random Single-Qubit Measurements Can Reveal an Unknown Code

Stabilizer codes are usually described by generators that identify their protected subspace. The proposed algorithm infers those generators from copies of states in the codespace using random measurements on individual qubits, without prior structural knowledge. The authors give bounds on the copy count and success probability and note that the same procedure can verify whether a device implements its intended code. For quantum low-density parity-check codes, the required number of states scales polylogarithmically with the number of qubits. This is a theoretical characterization result rather than a full fault-tolerant implementation.